Biphasic Mechanisms of Neurovascular Unit Injury and Protection in CNS Diseases

Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

We observed mitochondrial connexin43 (mtCx43) expression under cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, analyzed its regulation, and explored its protective mechanisms. Wistar rats were divided into groups based on injections received before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infarction volume was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolim chloride staining, and cell apoptosis was ...

Protection after stroke: cellular effectors of neurovascular unit integrity

Neurological disorders are prevalent worldwide. Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs), which account for 55% of all neurological diseases, are the leading cause of permanent disability, cognitive and motor disorders and dementia. Stroke affects the function and structure of blood-brain barrier, the loss of cerebral blood flow regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation and the loss of neural connectio...

Stroke and neurovascular protection.

Neurovascular protection reduces early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cell death, especially apoptosis, occurred in brain tissues after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We examined the relationships between apoptosis and the disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain edema, and mortality in an established endovascular perforation model in male Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS A pan-caspase inhibitor (z-VAD-FMK) was administered intraperiton...

Dissociation and protection of the neurovascular unit after thrombolysis and reperfusion in ischemic rat brain.

In the ischemic brain, reperfusion with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) sometimes causes catastrophic hemorrhagic transformation (HT); however, the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that the basement membrane, and not the endothelial cells, is vulnerable to ischemic/reperfusion injury with tPA treatment. We treated a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of middle cerebral artery occlu...